Blanket

The blanket

In the field of construction, roofing refers to the arrangement of materials covering a building to protect it from the elements - even the insulated dividing walls are concerned (chaperone). The main purpose of the blanket is to collect and then channel stormwater. The roof provides mechanical protection against various external agents (dust, intrusions, etc.). It must also withstand the static mechanical stresses of snow and the dynamic stresses of strong winds (pressure and tearing). It is part of the shell.

The different systems

Each material has a fitting system. The choice of a material is made according to multiple criteria. In the majority of cases, local authorities impose types of roofs, depending on architectural or environmental constraints. But technologically, two types of poses stand out:

Roofing in small elements (slates, tiles, shingles, etc.). The principle of waterproofing that guides their implementation is recovery.

The covers in large elements. Self-supporting or not, these are sheet metals, profiled metal or plastic bins, corrugated fiber-cement sheets… Their sealing principles can be covering but also stapling, the addition of an elastomer seal, etc.

Choice criteria

The choice of a material and / or the realization of an installation technique will depend on:

• The slope of the slope in% or m / m

• The projection on the ground of the slope considered in m

• Its geographical location (climatic zone defined by maps taking into account the concomitance of rain / wind or mountainous zone, etc.)

• From its local geographic location (climatic site)

• Mechanical snow and wind constraints (rules and NV 65 card)

• Local environmental constraints (aesthetic, architectural, etc.)

Three climatic zones

Three situations

The location of the building in relation to the environment is superimposed on the climatic zone.

• A protected site corresponds to a construction in the hollow of a basin surrounded by hills all around and thus protected from the wind.

• A normal site is a plain or a plateau with little difference in level.

• A site is said to be exposed when the dwellings are on the coast to a depth of about 5 km, on the top of cliffs, in estuaries or deep bays and, in the interior of the country, in narrow valleys and windy, on isolated or high mountains.

The materials

Style roofs:

In the great wave of natural and traditional products, they reappear after long years of neglect. They are promoted by craftsmen or small industrialists who perpetuate a local signature.